Interesting PBS article! It appears that there is a lot that is unknown, and maybe some misinformation as well. This study seems to have found a correlation between artificial sweetener consumption and various cancers.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923753419375763

But then other articles such as this one say it's too difficult to test.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923753419510377

But yes, I think that the dangers of sugar are well documented.